技術文章
Technical articles什么是HYDAC賀德克壓力繼電器
壓力繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是利用(yong)液體的(de)(de)壓力來(lai)啟(qi)閉(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)觸點的(de)(de)液壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)轉(zhuan)換元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件。當系統(tong)壓力達(da)到壓力繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)調(diao)定值時,發出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號,使(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁鐵、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機、時間繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁離合器等(deng))動(dong)(dong)作(zuo),使(shi)(shi)(shi)油路卸(xie)壓、換向,執行元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件實現順序動(dong)(dong)作(zuo),或(huo)關閉(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機使(shi)(shi)(shi)系統(tong)停止工作(zuo),起安全保護作(zuo)用(yong)等(deng)。
壓(ya)力繼電(dian)(dian)器有柱塞式(shi)(shi)、膜片式(shi)(shi)、彈簧管式(shi)(shi)和波(bo)紋管式(shi)(shi)四(si)種結構(gou)形式(shi)(shi)。下面(mian)對柱塞式(shi)(shi)壓(ya)力繼電(dian)(dian)器(見圖)的工作原(yuan)理作一介(jie)紹:
當(dang)從繼電器下端進油口3進入(ru)的(de)液體(ti)壓力達到調定壓力值(zhi)時,推動柱塞2上移(yi),此位(wei)移(yi)通(tong)過杠桿放大(da)后推動微動開關4動作(zuo)。改變彈(dan)簧1的(de)壓縮量(liang),可以調節繼電器的(de)動作(zuo)壓力。
應用場(chang)合(he):用于(yu)安(an)全(quan)保護、控制執(zhi)行元(yuan)件的順序(xu)動作、用于(yu)泵的啟閉、用于(yu)泵的卸荷。
注意: 壓(ya)(ya)力繼(ji)電器(qi)必須放在壓(ya)(ya)力有明顯(xian)變化(hua)的地方才(cai)能輸出電信(xin)號。若將壓(ya)(ya)力繼(ji)電器(qi)放在回(hui)油(you)路上,由于回(hui)油(you)路直接接回(hui)油(you)箱,壓(ya)(ya)力也沒有變化(hua),所以壓(ya)(ya)力繼(ji)電器(qi)也不(bu)會工作。
壓力繼(ji)電器(qi)的工作原理
壓力繼電器(qi)的工作(zuo)原理如下:
1、壓(ya)力繼電(dian)器主要用于對液體(ti)或氣體(ti)壓(ya)力的(de)(de)高低進(jin)行檢測(ce)并發出開關量信(xin)號(hao),以(yi)控制(zhi)電(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)、液壓(ya)泵等設(she)備對壓(ya)力的(de)(de)高低進(jin)行控制(zhi)。
2、壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)繼電器主要(yao)由壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)傳送裝(zhuang)置和(he)微動(dong)開關(guan)等組成,液體或氣體壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)經(jing)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)入(ru)口推動(dong)橡(xiang)皮(pi)膜和(he)滑桿,克服彈簧反力(li)(li)(li)向(xiang)上(shang)運動(dong),當壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)達到(dao)擬(ni)定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)時,觸動(dong)微動(dong)開關(guan),發出控制(zhi)信(xin)號(hao),旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)螺母(mu)可以改變(bian)擬(ni)定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)。
3、壓(ya)力繼電(dian)器(qi)是利用液(ye)體(ti)的(de)壓(ya)力來啟(qi)閉(bi)電(dian)氣(qi)觸點的(de)液(ye)壓(ya)電(dian)氣(qi)轉換(huan)元件(jian)。當系統壓(ya)力達到壓(ya)力繼電(dian)器(qi)的(de)調定值(zhi)時,發(fa)出電(dian)信號,使(shi)電(dian)氣(qi)元件(jian)(如電(dian)磁鐵、電(dian)機(ji)、時間(jian)繼電(dian)器(qi)、電(dian)磁離合器(qi)等(deng))動作(zuo),使(shi)油路卸壓(ya)、換(huan)向,執(zhi)行元件(jian)實現順序動作(zuo),或(huo)關(guan)閉(bi)電(dian)動機(ji)使(shi)系統停(ting)止工作(zuo),起安全保(bao)護作(zuo)用等(deng)。
4、當(dang)從繼電(dian)(dian)器下端進油口(kou)3進入(ru)的液體(ti)壓力達到(dao)調(diao)定壓力值時,推(tui)動(dong)(dong)柱塞2上移(yi),此位(wei)移(yi)通過杠桿放大后推(tui)動(dong)(dong)微動(dong)(dong)開關4動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。改(gai)變彈簧1的壓縮(suo)量(liang),可以調(diao)節(jie)繼電(dian)(dian)器的動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)壓力。
壓(ya)力(li)(li)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)是(shi)使(shi)油(you)液壓(ya)力(li)(li)達到預定值時(shi)發出電(dian)(dian)信號(hao)的液—電(dian)(dian)信號(hao)轉換元(yuan)件。當其他(ta)油(you)口壓(ya)力(li)(li)達到彈簧(huang)的調定值時(shi),能自動(dong)(dong)(dong)接通或斷(duan)開電(dian)(dian)路,使(shi)電(dian)(dian)磁鐵、繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)、電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機等電(dian)(dian)氣元(yuan)件通電(dian)(dian)運轉或斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)停止(zhi)工作(zuo)(zuo),以實現對(dui)液壓(ya)系(xi)統工作(zuo)(zuo)程(cheng)序的控(kong)制、安全保護或動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)的聯(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)等。如圖(tu)所示為(wei)常用柱(zhu)塞式壓(ya)力(li)(li)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的結(jie)構原理圖(tu)。當從壓(ya)力(li)(li)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)下(xia)端(duan)進油(you)口通入的油(you)液壓(ya)力(li)(li)達到彈簧(huang)2的調定壓(ya)力(li)(li)值時(shi),推動(dong)(dong)(dong)柱(zhu)塞4上(shang)移,通過杠(gang)桿3推動(dong)(dong)(dong)開關1動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)。改變彈簧(huang)2的壓(ya)縮量即(ji)可調節壓(ya)力(li)(li)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)壓(ya)力(li)(li)。圖(tu)中b所示為(wei)壓(ya)力(li)(li)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)實物圖(tu),c為(wei)壓(ya)力(li)(li)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)圖(tu)形符號(hao)。
壓(ya)力繼電(dian)器(qi)在制(zhi)冷系(xi)統(tong)中的作(zuo)用:
在工(gong)業制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)中壓(ya)力繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器是一種(zhong)用壓(ya)力信號(hao)來控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)開關,常作為直接控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)壓(ya)縮機(ji)起(qi)停的(de)保護和調節(jie)元件或控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)某些(xie)電(dian)(dian)磁閥的(de)開閉。在制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)裝置中使用的(de)壓(ya)力繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器,按(an)其壓(ya)力控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)范圍分為低壓(ya)繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器和高壓(ya)繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器兩類。也(ye)有將(jiang)這兩種(zhong)繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器組裝在一個殼體內,共(gong)用一個電(dian)(dian)觸頭的(de),構成組合式高低壓(ya)繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)器。
在制冷壓縮機(ji)(ji)上往往裝有一個直接控制起動電路的低(di)壓繼電器,他(ta)以(yi)壓縮機(ji)(ji)吸氣壓力為動作信(xin)號,其功用為:
(1)當吸氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)力過低(di)時,使壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機自動停車,防止空氣(qi)從管路或軸封(feng)處漏(lou)入系統,起(qi)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)保(bao)護作用。
在(zai)小型制冷裝(zhuang)置中(zhong)(zhong),除起(qi)低(di)壓(ya)保(bao)護外,尚(shang)可使壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)按調定(ding)(ding)的(de)吸氣壓(ya)力(li)自動(dong)起(qi)停,以(yi)保(bao)持冷庫溫度穩定(ding)(ding),起(qi)庫溫調節作(zuo)用。在(zai)大(da)、中(zhong)(zhong)型裝(zhuang)置中(zhong)(zhong),因(yin)壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)起(qi)動(dong)電流較大(da),所以(yi)多不(bu)用低(di)壓(ya)繼電器(qi)來自動(dong)起(qi)動(dong)壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji),因(yin)此它僅起(qi)低(di)壓(ya)保(bao)護作(zuo)用。
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