技術文章
Technical articles美(mei)國GAST真空(kong)泵的(de)原理
原(yuan)理是(shi)利用偏心轉(zhuan)子在泵(beng)(beng)腔(qiang)內形成通(tong)過旋轉(zhuan)產(chan)生體(ti)(ti)積(ji)的(de)變化而(er)將氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)排出(chu)泵(beng)(beng)外,主要(yao)是(shi)在吸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)過程中,吸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)腔(qiang)體(ti)(ti)積(ji)增大(da),真空(kong)度(du)降低(di),將容(rong)器(qi)內氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)吸入泵(beng)(beng)腔(qiang),在排氣(qi)(qi)(qi)過程中體(ti)(ti)積(ji)變小,壓強增大(da),最(zui)終通(tong)過油(you)封(feng)將吸入的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)排出(chu)泵(beng)(beng)外。
使用(yong)真空泵的注意事項:
正(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)傳(chuan)前,真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)泵應先做一次試運(yun)轉,檢查(cha)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)泵有無(wu)異常(chang)振動及沖擊(ji)聲(sheng)響。初(chu)次使用(yong)的真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)泵還要測定真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)泵的極(ji)限壓強,應符合技(ji)術規范。真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)泵在長期(qi)工(gong)作的條件下,真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)泵溫不應超過70度。至于(yu)抽速的測定.由于(yu)比較復雜,一般不作檢查(cha)。
需要通冷卻水(shui)的機(ji)械真空泵(beng).在開機(ji)前應先(xian)通冷卻水(shui),然后再啟動。冷卻水(shui)的出口水(shui)溫不宜(yi)超過30度。
次安(an)裝真空(kong)泵時,應檢查電(dian)機是否(fou)正轉,也(ye)就是電(dian)機與真空(kong)泵內轉子(zi)轉向(xiang)(xiang)一致,一般電(dian)機上方標有電(dian)機正常(chang)運轉方向(xiang)(xiang)。真空(kong)設備(bei)應安(an)裝在清潔(jie)、干凈的環境里,不宜有雜物、粉塵(chen)、水源(yuan),溫度過(guo)高的地方也(ye)不適(shi)合(he)。
三大承諾:
1、保證
2、保(bao)證(zheng)安全準時發貨
3、保證售后(hou)服(fu)務質量
訂購流程:
2、我方會根(gen)據(ju)詢(xun)價單(dan)(dan)型號(hao)查詢(xun)價格(ge)以及交貨(huo)(huo)期,擬一份(fen)詳細正規報價單(dan)(dan)給貴方采購員;3,客戶收(shou)到(dao)報價單(dan)(dan)并確認型號(hao)無誤(wu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)如需訂(ding)購產品;4、報價單(dan)(dan)負責人根(gen)據(ju)客戶提供型號(hao)以及數量擬份(fen)銷(xiao)售合(he)同(tong);5、客戶收(shou)到(dao)合(he)同(tong)查閱同(tong)意后(hou)(hou)(hou)蓋章(zhang)回傳并按照合(he)同(tong)銷(xiao)售金額匯款到(dao)公(gong)司開戶行6、我公(gong)司財務(wu)(wu)(wu)查到(dao)款后(hou)(hou)(hou),業務(wu)(wu)(wu)員安排發(fa)貨(huo)(huo)并通知客戶跟蹤運單(dan)(dan)確認收(shou)到(dao)貨(huo)(huo)我們(men)的(de)流(liu)程(cheng)是 詢(xun)價→報價→合(he)同(tong)→訂(ding)貨(huo)(huo)→發(fa)貨(huo)(huo)→售后(hou)(hou)(hou),我們(men)本著信(xin)譽、客戶至(zhi)上、品牌(pai)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)、規范管理(li)的(de)經營理(li)念竭誠為您(nin)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)空泵是指利用機械(xie)、物(wu)理(li)、化(hua)學或物(wu)理(li)化(hua)學的(de)方法(fa)對被抽(chou)容器進(jin)行抽(chou)氣而(er)獲得(de)真(zhen)(zhen)空的(de)器件或設備(bei)。
通俗來講,真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)是(shi)用各種方法在(zai)某(mou)一封閉(bi)空(kong)(kong)間中改善(shan)、產生和維持真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)的裝置。在(zai)泵(beng)(beng)腔內(nei)(nei)形成通過旋轉產生體(ti)積的變(bian)化而將氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)排出泵(beng)(beng)外,主要是(shi)在(zai)吸氣(qi)(qi)過程(cheng)中,吸氣(qi)(qi)腔體(ti)積增(zeng)大,真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)度(du)降低,將容器內(nei)(nei)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)吸入泵(beng)(beng)腔,在(zai)排氣(qi)(qi)過程(cheng)中體(ti)積變(bian)小,壓強增(zeng)大,最終通過油封將吸入的氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)排出泵(beng)(beng)外。
按真(zhen)空泵(beng)的工作原理,真(zhen)空泵(beng)基本上可(ke)以分為兩種類型,即氣體捕(bu)集泵(beng)和(he)氣體傳輸泵(beng)。
特點
(1)在較(jiao)寬的(de)壓(ya)力范圍內有較(jiao)大的(de)抽速;
(2)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)具有(you)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)幾何(he)對稱性(xing),故振(zhen)動小,運轉(zhuan)平穩(wen)。轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)間(jian)(jian)及(ji)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)和殼體間(jian)(jian)均有(you)間(jian)(jian)隙,不(bu)(bu)用潤滑,摩擦損失(shi)小,可(ke)大大降(jiang)低(di)驅動功率,從而可(ke)實(shi)現較高(gao)轉(zhuan)速;(3)泵腔內無(wu)需用油密封和潤滑,可(ke)減少油蒸氣(qi)(qi)對真空系統的(de)污染;(4)泵腔內無(wu)壓(ya)縮(suo),無(wu)排氣(qi)(qi)閥。結(jie)構簡單、緊(jin)湊,對被抽氣(qi)(qi)體中的(de)灰塵和水蒸汽(qi)不(bu)(bu)敏感;(5)壓(ya)縮(suo)比(bi)較低(di),對氫氣(qi)(qi)抽氣(qi)(qi)效果差;(6)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)表(biao)面為形狀較為復雜的(de)曲(qu)線柱(zhu)面,加工和檢(jian)查比(bi)較困難。
真空泵的種類和用途
根據使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)范圍(wei)和(he)(he)抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)效(xiao)能(neng)可(ke)將(jiang)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)分為(wei)(wei)三類(lei): (1)一般(ban)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng),壓(ya)(ya)強(qiang)可(ke)達(da)到1.333~100kPa(10~760mmHg)為(wei)(wei)"粗"真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)。 (2)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng),壓(ya)(ya)強(qiang)可(ke)達(da)0.133~133.3Pa(0.001~1mmHg)為(wei)(wei)"次高"真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)。 (3)擴散泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng),壓(ya)(ya)強(qiang)可(ke)達(da)0.133Pa以下,(10-3mmHg)為(wei)(wei)"高"真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)。 在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)機化學(xue)實驗室里常用(yong)(yong)的(de)減壓(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)和(he)(he)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)兩種,若(ruo)不要求很低的(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)時(shi)(shi)(shi),可(ke)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng),如果(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)構造好且水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)又高,抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)空(kong)(kong)(kong)效(xiao)率(lv)可(ke)達(da)1067~3333Pa(8~25mmHg)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)所能(neng)抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)到的(de)低壓(ya)(ya)力(li)理論上(shang)(shang)(shang)相當于(yu)當時(shi)(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溫下的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)。例(li)如,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溫25℃、20℃、10℃時(shi)(shi)(shi),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)分別為(wei)(wei)3192、2394、1197Pa(8-25mmHg)。用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi),應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)前裝(zhuang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)安全瓶,以防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)(ya)下降(jiang)(jiang),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)倒吸(xi);停(ting)止抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前,應(ying)先(xian)放氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),然后關水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)。 若(ruo)要較低的(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li),那(nei)就要用(yong)(yong)到油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)了(le),好的(de)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)能(neng)抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)到133.3Pa(1mmHg)以下。油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)好壞決定于(yu)其(qi)機械結(jie)構和(he)(he)油(you)(you)的(de)質量(liang),使(shi)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)必(bi)須(xu)把它保(bao)護好。如果(guo)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)餾揮發性(xing)(xing)較大的(de)有(you)機溶(rong)劑(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi),有(you)機溶(rong)劑(ji)會(hui)被油(you)(you)吸(xi)收結(jie)果(guo)增加(jia)了(le)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya),從而降(jiang)(jiang)低了(le)抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)空(kong)(kong)(kong)效(xiao)能(neng),如果(guo)是酸(suan)性(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體,那(nei)就會(hui)腐蝕油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng),如果(guo)是水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)就會(hui)使(shi)油(you)(you)成乳濁液而抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)壞真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)。因此使(shi)用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)必(bi)須(xu)注意下列幾點: 在(zai)(zai)(zai)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)餾系統和(he)(he)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)之間,必(bi)須(xu)裝(zhuang)有(you)吸(xi)收裝(zhuang)置。 蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)餾前必(bi)須(xu)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)*抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)去系統中(zhong)有(you)機溶(rong)劑(ji)的(de)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。 如能(neng)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de),則盡量(liang)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng),如蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)餾物質中(zhong)含有(you)揮發性(xing)(xing)物質,可(ke)先(xian)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)減壓(ya)(ya)抽(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)降(jiang)(jiang),然后改用(yong)(yong)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)。 減壓(ya)(ya)系統必(bi)須(xu)保(bao)持密不漏氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),所有(you)的(de)橡(xiang)皮塞的(de)大小和(he)(he)孔(kong)道要合(he)適,橡(xiang)皮管(guan)要用(yong)(yong)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)用(yong)(yong)的(de)橡(xiang)皮管(guan)。磨口玻(bo)璃涂上(shang)(shang)(shang)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)油(you)(you)脂(zhi)。
原(yuan)理(li)是利用偏心轉(zhuan)子在泵(beng)腔內形成通(tong)過(guo)旋轉(zhuan)產生體(ti)(ti)(ti)積的變化而將(jiang)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)排出泵(beng)外(wai),主要是在吸(xi)氣(qi)(qi)過(guo)程中,吸(xi)氣(qi)(qi)腔體(ti)(ti)(ti)積增大(da),真空度降低,將(jiang)容(rong)器內氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)吸(xi)入(ru)泵(beng)腔,在排氣(qi)(qi)過(guo)程中體(ti)(ti)(ti)積變小(xiao),壓強增大(da),最終通(tong)過(guo)油封將(jiang)吸(xi)入(ru)的氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)排出泵(beng)外(wai)。
使用真空泵的注意事(shi)項(xiang):
正常運傳(chuan)前,真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵應先做一次(ci)試運轉,檢查(cha)(cha)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵有(you)無異常振(zhen)動(dong)及(ji)沖擊(ji)聲響(xiang)。初次(ci)使用的(de)(de)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵還要(yao)測定(ding)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵的(de)(de)極限(xian)壓強(qiang),應符合技術規范。真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵在(zai)長期工作(zuo)的(de)(de)條件(jian)下(xia),真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵溫不應超過70度。至于抽速的(de)(de)測定(ding).由于比(bi)較復雜,一般不作(zuo)檢查(cha)(cha)。
需要通冷卻(que)水的機(ji)械真空泵.在開機(ji)前(qian)應先通冷卻(que)水,然后再啟動。冷卻(que)水的出口(kou)水溫不宜超過30度。
次安(an)裝真空泵時,應檢查電機(ji)(ji)是(shi)否正轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan),也(ye)就是(shi)電機(ji)(ji)與真空泵內轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)向一(yi)致,一(yi)般(ban)電機(ji)(ji)上方標有(you)電機(ji)(ji)正常(chang)運轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)方向。真空設備應安(an)裝在清(qing)潔、干(gan)凈的環境里,不宜有(you)雜物、粉塵、水源,溫度過高的地方也(ye)不適合。